Promotion through Pay Scales that are not fully dependent on job role but more dependent on performance of a person. Complete 1Y performance review cycles where you get opportunities to be promoted every 2-3Y to the next scale level. Must nearly meet requirements of a certain job / pay scale before being promoted.
Each year you have a performance review where you are rated on fixed metrics which determines your pay rise and bonus. These metrics are separated into functional levels which are correlated to pay grade ranges. This means once you can see you are hitting a functional level beyond your pay grade you can actively pursue pay raise. This means there is opportunity yearly for pay raise within a range for a functional level, then you can target increasing your functional level.
advantage of a large organization is there is plenty of room to grow